我國(guó)石雕發(fā)跡于舊石器時(shí)代，當(dāng)時(shí)遠(yuǎn)古人利用一些簡(jiǎn)單的方法，制作出一些石斧、石刀等，這些在一定意義上來(lái)講可以當(dāng)作石雕的鼻祖。后來(lái)隨著人類文明的發(fā)展，隨著人類自身勞動(dòng)能力的提高和科技水平的發(fā)展，石雕藝術(shù)終于在秦漢時(shí)期獲得了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。
Stone carving in China originated in the Paleolithic age. At that time,
ancient people used some simple methods to make some stone axes, stone
knives, etc., which can be regarded as the originator of stone carving
in a certain sense. Later, with the development of human civilization,
with the improvement of human labor ability and the development of
science and technology, stone carving art finally achieved considerable
development in the Qin and Han Dynasties.
秦漢時(shí)期
Qin and Han Dynasties
秦漢時(shí)期，石雕一般為大型的墓前石雕。這些墓前石雕造型生動(dòng)、刀法簡(jiǎn)練，但是石雕作品氣魄雄渾，極具動(dòng)態(tài)感。這些石雕一方面具有極高的美學(xué)價(jià)值和社會(huì)學(xué)價(jià)值，另一方面也體現(xiàn)了墓主人的權(quán)勢(shì)和地位。當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)流行厚葬之風(fēng)，所以一些貴族和豪強(qiáng)也極力追求奢華的墓葬建筑及裝飾，并且他們也具備充足的財(cái)力、物力條件，于是出現(xiàn)了大量有畫像石的祠堂碑闕和墓室。這些石雕作品的雕刻手法大體可分為陰線刻、淺浮雕、平面雕和透雕等幾種手法。在題材內(nèi)容上也豐富多彩，包括了歷史人物、神話故事、孝義事跡、烈女故事、現(xiàn)實(shí)生活、祥禽瑞獸、羽井蓋鋼模具 U型槽模具 天津水處理設(shè)備 檢查井鋼模具 保定公司注冊(cè) u型槽模具 流水槽模具 化登仙等。
In the Qin and Han Dynasties, stone carvings were generally large-scale
ones in front of tombs. The stone carvings in front of the tombs are
vivid and concise in shape, but they are vigorous and dynamic. On the
one hand, these stone carvings have high aesthetic and sociological
values, on the other hand, they also reflect the power and status of the
tomb owner. At that time, the trend of thick burials was popular in the
society, so some nobles and powerful people also tried their best to
pursue luxurious tomb buildings and decorations, and they also had
sufficient financial and material resources. As a result, a large number
of ancestral halls and tombs with portrait stones appeared. The carving
techniques of these stone carvings can be roughly divided into Yin line
carving, shallow relief, plane carving and openwork carving. There are
also rich and colorful themes, including historical figures, fairy
tales, deeds of filial piety, stories of martyrs, real life, auspicious
birds and beasts, emergence of immortals and so on.